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Prepositions of Time, of Place, and to Introduce Objects
Para expresar UN momento concreto en el pasado
"On" se usa para los días o fechas concretas como cumpleaños, aniversarios etc... :
- I will see you on Monday.7
- The week begins on Sunday.
At se usa para horas concretas en el pasado, para decir "por la noche" y conjuntos de días festivos:
- My plane leaves at noon.
- The movie starts at 6 p.m.
In se usa para momentos dentro de un día, para meses, años, estaciones del año:
- He likes reading in the afternoon.
- The days are long in August.
- The book was published in 1999.
- The flowers will bloom in spring.
Para tiempo extendido
Normalmente donde hay dos momentos, uno empieza en el pasado y sigue hasta el present, se usan estas preposiciones:
- since - desde / desde que
- for - desde hace / hace "x tiempo" que / durante
- by - para
- from.......to - desde ...... hasta / de ...... a
- from-until - desde ...... hasta / de ...... a
- during - durante (algo)
- within - dentro de (no más de)
- She has been gone since yesterday.
(She left yesterday and has not returned.)
- I'm going to Paris for two weeks. (I
will spend two weeks there.)
- The movie showed from August to October. (Beginning in August and ending in
October.)
- The decorations were up from spring
until autumn. (Beginning in spring and
ending in autumn.)
- I watch TV during the evening. (For
some period of time in the evening.)
- We must finish the project within a
year. (No longer than a year.)
Place
Para expresar la idea de un sitio.
- There is a wasp in the room. ("en" significando: dentro de)
- I left your keys on the table. ("en" significando: sobre / encima de)
- She was waiting at the corner. ("en" significando: la imposibilidad de estar dentro o encima)
- She's going to Paris. ("a" con verbos de movimiento significando destino)
Higher than a point
Para expresar que un objeto está por encima de otro:
- He threw the ball over the roof. (con movimiento)
- Hang that picture above the couch. (sin movimiento)
Lower than a point
Para expresar que un objeto se encuentra mas abajo de otro.
- The rabbit burrowed under the ground. (debajo de)
- The child hid underneath the blanket. (por debajo de)
- We relaxed in the shade beneath the
branches. (bajo)
- The valley is below sea-level. (más abajo de)
Close to a point
Para expresar proximidad.
- She lives near the school. (cerca de)
- There is an ice cream shop by the store. (al lado de)
- An oak tree grows next to my house. (al lado de)
- The house is between Elm Street and
Maple Street.(entre dos objetos)
- I found my pen lying among the books. (entre 3 ó más objetos)
- The bathroom is opposite that room. (delante de / en frente de pero cara a cara)
- Jack is in front of me in the queue. (delante de pero no cara a cara)
Transporte
Normalmente se usa on para todo transporte público salvo coche y taxi.
- in the car
- on the bus
- on the plane
- on the train
- on the ship